The True History of Independence Day and Freemasonry
The True History of Independence Day and Masonic Signers
The verified history of the Freemasons who signed the Declaration of Independence
On July 2, 1776, the Second Continental Congress officially voted to sever ties with Great Britain by approving the Lee Resolution, which was proposed by Virginia delegate Richard Henry Lee. This historic vote declared the thirteen colonies to be free and independent states. Twelve of the thirteen colonies voted in favor of independence, while New York abstained because its delegates were awaiting instructions from their provincial convention. This momentous event is what John Adams predicted would be celebrated by future generations as Independence Day.
After passing the resolution, Congress spent the next two days debating and refining the text of the formal Declaration of Independence authored by the Committee of Five: Thomas Jefferson, John Adams, Benjamin Franklin, Robert R. Livingston, and Roger Sherman. Congress subsequently adopted the document on July 4, 1776. Of those five men, two are known Freemasons: Bros. Franklin and Livingston.
Freemasonry Facts
Bro. Robert R Livingston was known as “The Chancellor” after the high New York state legal office he held for 25 years. Most famous for later negotiating the terms of the Louisiana Purchase, he was initially appointed to the Committee of Five with the task of drafting the declaration announcing America’s independence from Britain. The Robert R Livingston Masonic Library, of the Grand Lodge (F&AM) of the State of New York was founded in the 1850s to house the books and records held by the Grand Lodge. Brothers and visitors are encouraged to visit the Library at 71 West 23rd Street on the 14th Floor of the Grand Lodge of New York in Manhattan.
Masonic Myths vs. Historical Proof Points
Out of the 56 men who signed the Declaration of Independence, only 9 are confirmed Freemasons. While myths sometimes inflate this number, rigorous Masonic scholarship confirms that a select group of Founding Fathers belonged to the Fraternity. The signers with verified, documented membership include Benjamin Franklin, John Hancock, Joseph Hewes, William Hooper, Richard Stockton, George Walton, William Whipple, Robert Treat Paine, and William Ellery.
Freemasonry Facts
Right Worshipful Brother Benjamin Franklin (pictured) was an exceptionally active and devoted Freemason for over 50 years. Initiated into Philadelphia’s St. John’s Lodge in 1731, he quickly rose to prominence, serving as Grand Master of Pennsylvania in 1734. That same year, he notably printed “The Constitutions of the Freemasons“, the first Masonic book printed in America. It was a reprint of Anderson’s Constitutions, first published in England and containing Masonic history, charges, regulations, and more.
Whether Richard Henry Lee was a Freemason is a matter of historical debate, as surviving records are inconclusive. While some Masonic organizations and historical accounts list him as a member of the fraternity, scholars and historians generally consider this evidence to be anecdotal and unverified.
The Prescient Words of John Adams
Although he was not a Freemason, it is fitting to revisit the eloquent and prescient words John Adams wrote to his beloved Abigail in two separate letters on July 3, 1776:
“The second day of July, 1776, will be the most memorable epocha in the history of America. I am apt to believe that it will be celebrated by succeeding generations as the great anniversary festival. It ought to be commemorated as the day of deliverance, by solemn acts of devotion to God Almighty. It ought to be solemnized with pomp and parade, with shows, games, sports, guns, bells, bonfires, and illuminations, from one end of this continent to the other, from this time forward forevermore.”
“You will think me transported with enthusiasm, but I am not. I am well aware of the toil and blood and treasure that it will cost us to maintain this Declaration and support and defend these states. Yet, through all the gloom, I can see the rays of ravishing light and glory. I can see that the end is more than worth all the means. And that posterity will triumph in that day’s transaction, even although we should rue it, which I trust in God we shall not…”
“It may be the will of Heaven that America will suffer calamities still more wasting, and distress yet more dreadful. If this is to be the case, it will have this good effect at least. It will inspire us with many virtues which we have not, and correct many errors, follies and vices which threaten to disturb, dishonor and destroy us. The furnace of affliction produces refinement, in States as well as individuals… But I must submit all my hopes and fears to an overruling Providence, in which, unfashionable as the faith may be, I firmly believe.”
Modern Man’s perspecrtive
The historical evidence leads to a clear, unembellished conclusion: the influence of Freemasons in signing the Declaration of Independence was significant but selective, relying on individual leadership rather than an institutional conspiracy.
With exactly nine verified Masonic signers out of fifty-six, Freemasons made up roughly 16% of the delegation. This footprint proves that the fraternity did not orchestrate the American Revolution as a unified body. Instead, the influence came from high-performing individual members — such as Benjamin Franklin and John Hancock — who applied shared civic values like liberty, self-governance, and fraternal trust directly to the formation of the new republic.
The true proof point of Masonic influence is not the quantity of the signers, but the character and strategic positioning of the men involved.
Written by: WB Wes Latchford
Division Provost, Division XI/Tidewater Region
District Educational Officer, 56th Masonic District
Grand Lodge of Virginia